In regions with karst topography, special attention should be focused on nutrient contamination of what?

In regions with karst topography, the correct focus is on nutrient contamination of groundwater. Karst landscapes are characterized by features such as sinkholes, springs, and underground rivers, which are formed by the dissolution of soluble rocks like limestone. This geological structure allows for a rapid movement of water through the subsurface, making groundwater particularly vulnerable to contamination.

When nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus enter these systems, they can quickly reach aquifers and wells without significant filtration or degradation, leading to water quality issues. This is especially concerning since groundwater is often a source of drinking water for many communities. Therefore, protecting groundwater from nutrient contamination in karst areas is essential for both environmental health and public safety.

While surface water, ponds, and atmospheric waters can also be affected by nutrient runoff, the unique hydrology of karst terrain highlights groundwater as the primary concern due to the direct pathways available for nutrients to enter the subsurface systems.