What soil property is primarily evaluated to assess its health?

The texture and structure of the soil are fundamental properties that significantly influence soil health. Soil texture refers to the proportion of different-sized particles, such as sand, silt, and clay, which determines how well the soil can retain moisture and nutrients, as well as its drainage capabilities. Soil structure, on the other hand, pertains to how soil particles cluster together to form aggregates, which affects aeration, root penetration, and water infiltration.

Healthy soil typically has a balanced texture and a well-developed structure, allowing for optimal biological activity and nutrient exchange. A soil with good structure enhances the habitat for microorganisms and other beneficial organisms, contributing to a dynamic ecosystem within the soil. This quality is critical for sustaining plant growth, preventing erosion, and maintaining overall environmental health.

While moisture content, presence of earthworms, and pH levels play important roles in evaluating aspects of soil health, they do not encapsulate the comprehensive picture offered by texture and structure. Moisture content can vary significantly based on recent weather conditions or irrigation practices, and while earthworms are indicators of soil vitality, relying solely on their presence doesn't give a complete understanding of the soil’s physical and chemical properties. pH is vital for nutrient availability but does not address the physical characteristics that support soil health